Scores can have positive or negative values, reflecting the practice’s impact within a particular perspective. [15] It also unifies stage 1 and 2 of the systemic design for the circular economy framework, namely HD and identification of leverage points. From analyzing this mesozone, we can assume that the organic waste produced here is a mix of household, industrial, and business waste plus green areas residues. This was done using the Geographic Information System (GIS) software package and data retrieved from the Amsterdam municipal database. The MFA in Figure 4 summarises the flows of organic waste in the city (t/year), their sources, how they are treated and what these treatments produce in the process. Preliminary assessment of the benefits produced by the new system at environmental, social and economic level. This pillar covers the system component “best practices” and entails the mapping of the most sustainable and efficient practices for the management of the waste stream that are already available and around the world. Moreover, there is a significant fragmentation and logistics inefficiency among the different collectors. The concept is subsequently demon- strated through a case study focusing on the municipality of Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and the management of … [18, 23] This, besides reducing the effectiveness of the whole system, drives the focus on single technologies supported by linear policies that provide for compartmentalized and temporary solutions, often turning themselves into future problems. Abstract– Solid Waste Management is a major concern worldwide. Icons retrieved from FlatIcons.com. All of these conditions can be seen in the fraud at Waste Management. The biggest outcomes of the process are emissions (of CO2 and flue gases) and ashes (solid and fly), all produced by the incineration process and all to be considered waste products. The authors declare no conflict of interest. We promoted the questionnaire digitally through a dedicated website, a Facebook page and by sharing it in several digital platforms. Lack of Informative and Educative Campaigns: There is a lack of clear information regarding waste separation in general in the city. To map this component, we use a pragmatic bottom‐up approach. Now, by placing in relation the components of one system to the domain of the other system we can extract the components of the intersection “Urban Waste Management System.” These are best fitting practices (best waste management practices fitting in the urban environment), relative governance (governance processes relative to waste management), specific territory (urban territorial characteristics relevant to the waste system), and community response (urban community perception of the waste management system). Such a cooperation between all the actors in the waste management sector is crucial for a successful implementation. Evidence and Case Studies. Social acceptance is a key factor in the success of any waste management strategy. Conversely, our methodology treats waste management as a system and its components are outlined, mapped and all included in the picture (Figure 7). This volume comprises chapters which form the evidence for the Government Chief Scientific Adviser’s Report: From waste to resource productivity, together with illustrative case studies. Every system is composed of smaller‐scale elements, which we call “components,” that in turn are themselves systems composed of smaller units. This is because country like Germany is recognized one of the greatest examples in the world to deal with such issue. The current management disregards the territorial and social characteristics of the city as well as the flow of its organic waste streams and the potential for their recovery. Lack of Transparency: This was deduced from the extreme difficulty encountered during the data collection for the production of this MFA. Inadequate handling of generated solid waste causes serious hazards to environment as well as living beings. This worldwide problem is also predominating in Jaipur city also. Jos de Bruijn, city of Amsterdam . Apart from corporates or the business houses, the household WEEE can be collected through a network of retail outlets, scrap dealers, etc., • Competition: The biggest competition would be the informal sector. In theory, this holistic approach should connect all the stakeholders, increasing the system’s resilience and adaptation. E Waste Management Case Study 1358 Words | 6 Pages. Urban waste management is a complex system that needs to be tackled in a holistic, yet context‐specific manner. [23, 25, 37] Sustainable waste management strategies require a comprehensive and interdisciplinary analysis approach providing tools and methods from different domains. Similarly, according to the respondents, the main factors incentivizing waste separation are a convenient and efficient collection infrastructure and the availability of clear information. The main limitations found in this case are extremely high population density, limited underground space for new bring‐points and excavation works which create strong inconveniences, pests (e.g., rats), repetition, can be erased a large hospitality sector and many food retailers. The second pertains to the sample population of respondents to the social survey. The linear economy . The main opportunities identified for this mesoenvironment are a large source of preconsumer organic waste, potential naval accessibility, most important destination for organic waste recycling products (compost, organic fertilizer), space available for new waste infrastructure, and the few houses in the area have almost all large outdoor space suitable for decentralized solutions. [2] Meanwhile, time is running out: the world population and the amount of waste per capita are growing, while resources are becoming scarcer and increasingly difficult to extract. in the late 20th century, rising prosperity led to a greater production and consumption of goods and a consequent increase in waste generation 2 [17] These are current practices, which make the system unsustainable and that, if changed, can produce a large impact. Unfortunately, obtaining data on waste production and management is difficult, particularly when it concerns commercial or industrial activities (a limit encountered also by Battistoni et al.,[25]). Building height is a relevant spatial characteristic since taller residential buildings produce a larger amount of waste per area unit. These features were selected because they are relevant to any waste management strategy. Finally, outputs are materials or emissions resulting from the processing and transformation of the waste stream in the stocks. In this case study, we develop only the second stage of the methodology, as the first stage is the same for any waste management strategy and the third stage, the actual strategy‐making process, is beyond the scope of this paper. Inadequate handling of generated solid waste causes serious hazards to environment as well as living beings. The boundaries of the city correspond to the boundaries of the system under investigation. The sample is representative of the city population above 20 years old which was the main target. The recycling rate is under 30% and many waste flows in the city are linear and unsustainable. The last pillar thus covers the system component “community response” and maps the social engagement toward the waste stream of interest. Mixed Collection with Residual Waste: The majority of the organic waste produced in the city, especially from households, is not separately collected and ends up in residual waste. General . Each business model encompasses the whole system of activities[48] performed by the entire network of actors involved in waste management. [55] However, at the moment it is still far from these goals. The first step is the design of innovative “circular business models,”[16] which will be the building block for the strategy. The Circular Economy ! Each mapping pillar already encompasses valuable data when considered independently, but it is their integration and combination that enables us to capture the complexity of the issue at stake and thus produce the maximum value. What is your email? The Edge is a 40,000m² Office building in the Zuidas business district in Amsterdam. While we acknowledge these external influences, we use the city scale as the highest scale of the territorial mapping, as this is the area of intervention. [23] However, for the purpose of this research, it is viewed as the set of practices for the management of the waste stream of interest. Conclusions and recommendation . [18, 23] In the last decades, several developed countries have started implementing an integrative waste management. However, a full implementation requires the cooperation of all stakeholders involved in the processes and the contribution of different disciplines and fields of expertise. [18] Therefore, outlining system boundaries and components reduces the complexity but does not impact the systemic approach. Read 16 case studies, success stories, & customer stories of individual Waste Management customers - their use cases, successful stories, approaches, and end results software. Abstract Solid Waste Management is a major concern worldwide. Organic waste represents over 35% of the municipal waste in the city,[56] and its proper management would enable the recovery of a substantial fraction of waste. Therefore, the mapping process allows us to identify a total of 11 subenvironments in the city of Amsterdam, each requiring a different and targeted approach. We then evaluated and graded these practices following the interdisciplinary framework. The color of the boxes indicates their belonging to a particular stage, the color, and the direction of the arrows shows the relationships between elements, and the color of the contours in the multipillar mapping indicates which system component is tackling the specific workflow. The first phase entails an analysis of the material flows, while the second examines the social and cultural context.[25]. Microenvironment package: set of business models defining measures proposed for each of the microenvironments identified in the mapping process and tailored to their particular characteristics. A recent interdisciplinary research paper shows the way forward in designing effective circular waste management strategies: combining innovations in chemistry, business planning and behavioural science. The resulting scores are shown in the radar plots in Figure 5 (see the Supporting Information for the detailed tables with the pros and cons for each practice). Therefore, this treatment hampers the closure of the biological cycle in the city and it is not compatible with a circular strategy. Finally, the value capture element represents the financial model, i.e., the costs and investments needed and “how to earn revenues (i.e., capture value) from the provision of good, services or information to users and customers.”[53]. The five mesoenvironments in Amsterdam (detailed maps of population density, building heights, land use and waste infrastructure are included in the Supporting Information). The tool used in this pillar is the geographic information system (GIS), fed with data possibly coming from municipal databases or other official databases. “The creation of a waste-free society requires new technologies to allow the use of waste as a resource and new circular business models,” says Dr Slootweg. The results are summarized in Table 5. The data for the mapping of this component were collected through a literature review, web research, and interviews aimed at understanding, which are the most sustainable and successful practices for organic waste management worldwide. It allows for mapping the flows of the waste stream of interest through the city, identifying inputs, stocks, and outputs. These figures do not reflect the behavior of the entire population of Amsterdam, thus indicating that the sample is more environmentally conscious than the total population. Therefore, we report here only the implementation of the part of the methodology that are within our interdisciplinary competences. The concept is subsequently demonstrated through a case study focusing on the municipality of Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and the management of organic waste streams. Sustainability assessment, evaluating the benefits and impacts of the system designed in the environmental and social dimensions. A threshold of 6000 inhabitants per km2 was set to distinguish the two areas. [15, 18, 23] Thus, in our methodology, we consider all the key and support activities of waste management, from collection to processing. Outlining a system boundary that best fits the purpose of the research at hand requires mental flexibility and context specificity. Our current linear “produce‐use‐waste” economic system is unsustainable. [56] This is especially true for organic waste, which currently is not separated, but just incinerated with residual waste. Within the residential area with a high population density another subenvironment was identified, due to its very different waste infrastructure distribution: the city center (het centrum). We first recognize urban waste management as a complex multidimensional system and we outline its boundaries and its core components. We then add some support activities, by identifying five waste management activities: collection, monitoring, incentivizing participation, transportation, and processing (including recycling and on‐site handling). An interpretation of the synthesis stage for the case study is included in the Supporting Information. Trends of Municipal Waste Management in European Countries and in Greece, Free vector icons in SVG, PSD, PNG, EPS format or as ICON FONT, Business Model Generation: A Handbook for Visionaries, Game Changers, and Challengers, Amsterdam Municipality, Duurzaam Amsterdam ‐ Agenda Voor Duurzame Energie, Schone Lucht, Een Circulaire Economie En Een Klimaatbestendige Stad, 2015, Amsterdam Municipality, Afvalketen in Beeld ‐ Grondstoffen Uit Amsterdam. Receiving information on the value of organic waste, Receiving clear instruction on how you should separate organic waste, Having organic waste container close to my house, An efficient organic waste collection system (e.g., high frequency collection), Transparency of the company involved in the management of organic waste. Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username. Our methodology has several points where the scale of complexity is reduced to allow the focus on specific elements, yet the systemic approach is always retained. Material flow analysis (MFA) for organic waste in Amsterdam visualized through a Sankey diagram. This is done using an evaluation framework (Table 3). [1] Indeed, studies show that we are currently using resources equivalent to 1.5 Earths to support this economy while destroying the natural environment. The least effective factor is receiving information about the value of organic waste. To this end, we propose a set of guidelines for converting the results of the mapping process into circular economy business models[16] that are open and integrative. Case 4.4 Waste Management 1069 Words | 5 Pages. However, between the current average waste management and a completely circular management there is still much room for improvement. 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