Large amount of variability was noted for these traits and 45 plants with consistent superior growth characteristics were selected for further evaluation. This study validated the possibility of transforming the abandoned S. alterniflora into a biological resource to inhibit M. aeruginosa blooms through allelopathy. Mode of pollination, pollen germination, and seed set in smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora, Poaceae). Progress made by the end of this project includes completion of the phenotypic and molecular characterization of S. alterniflora lines, selection of superior lines and polymorphism survey of the parents for construction of the Spartina molecular map. Bertness, Mark D. 1991. Additionally, fingerprinting and field evaluation of a sample of 44 clones collected from brown marsh areas are under progress. %PDF-1.7 %���� In case of RAPD, 176 fragments were polymorphic where as 708 fragments were polymorphic in AFLP analysis. Usage Requirements. Cluster analysis was performed on agronomic and molecular data based on genetic distance within each accession (among plants) and among accessions from the same location. Smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) is used extensively for shoreline protection and tidal marsh restoration on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts because of its aggressive colonizing ability and tolerance to a wide range of salinity. ‘Vermilion’ smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) is cultivar of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alternifloraLois.) Conversely, negative correlations between growth traits and rust reaction were observed. To download the original size of this image Assessment of genetic diversity in Louisiana native smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) accessions using molecular markers. Nevertheless, since all sampled individuals represent unique genotypes and all sampled marshes exhibit relatively Late flowering accessions were associated with increased spread and tiller density but not with the other traits. Bertness, Mark D. 1984. Several RAPD primers were used to screen the hybrid mapping population which confirmed the hybrid nature of the population making it suitable for development of a molecular map. A molecular genetics laboratory has been established within the LSU Agricultural Center's Department of Agronomy to conduct research involving wetland plant species. Analysis of 40 selected lines evaluated in two field trials revealed that plants selected from accessions with superior seed germination rates also showed significant differences for all other traits. The differences observed in clustering pattern in both studies indicated that the use of molecular markers was an effective means to assess genetic diversity. Rescuing the coast with biotechnology. Phytopathology 93:S74 (Abstr.). Considerations for Large Scale Collection of Smooth Cordgrass Seed (Spartina alterniflora.L) William Skaradek, and Noel Murray USDA-NRCS Cape May Plant Materials Center and … The Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) blooms and Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) invasion have caused serious damage to local ecological environment. Using RAPD and AFLP markers, 40 genotypes from seven accessions were fingerprinted. Spartina alterniflora is a perennial grass that expands via underground rhizomes. Fang, X., Subudhi, P.K., Venuto, B.C. Agron. Positive correlations were found among all vegetative traits representing plant growth. Maintenance of adequate vegetation in the existing and newly restored marshlands can help slow down the coastal wetland loss. Burdick, David M. 1989. [15194] 3. h�bbd```b``� "&�H�� ��̞"Y��9 �� Spartina alterniflora is known to reproduce vegetatively via rhizomes (Callaway and Josselyn 1992; Proffitt et al. marshhay cordgrass Spartina patens (Ait.)Muhl. 165(3):395-401. Observations were recorded two times on vigor, spread, tillering, and rust infection on individual plants. Spartina alterniflora, the smooth cordgrass, saltmarsh cordgrass, or salt-water cordgrass, is a perennial deciduous grass which is found in intertidal wetlands, especially estuarine salt marshes. glabra (Muhlenberg ex Elliott) Fernald, Rhodora 18: 178. Wave attenuation characteristics for rigid and flexible model vegetation as well as live Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus, two common species along coastal Mississippi and Louisiana, were investigated under both }Pc��؆�nͿ�%ٲl�J��� �����s�;�gBx&5�3���+l$@��)�L(��f�ѸAn��2+���4�-.�i@��4S |��\R{�B��ăxG$ͤpD2L*�a�KjK�����p�PG0�h:H�4�(���).��Ng ��0����c�$��;���\^hT�Si���L���b��޼��z9K��q^�2V��fo�"��&��X=��h��̢�oŻQ�Yt�2��. Plant Sci. DC. The hybrids will be evaluated in the marsh condition, and the best performing ones will be identified for next round of crossing and selection. A population of 100 hybrids involving two smooth cord grass lines has been generated for construction of a genetic map to locate the QTL for seed characteristics. Conduct molecular, breeding, and cultural studies with Spartina alterniflora, Schoenoplectus californicus, and Uniola paniculata; and 3. 65(6): 1794-1807. This grass can be found growing on sandy aerobic or anaerobic soils with pHs ranging from 3.7 to 7.9. Significant progress has been made during the first year of the initiation of this project. Spartina brasiliensis Raddi Spartina glabra Muhl. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Soc. It is native to the eastern United States, but is considered invasive, in salt marshes, in California. Eight hundred mutagenized plants were produced from two different mutagens; Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Sodium Azide, and were evaluated in a marsh location in 72(1): 138-148. The Jaccard similarity coefficient computed from RAPD and AFLP data ranged from 22% to 89%, indicating a high level of genetic diversity. Cameron parish. Spartina alterniflora Taxonomía Reino: Plantae División: Fanerógama Magnoliophyta Clase: Liliopsida Orden: Cyperales Familia: Poaceae Subfamilia: Chloridoideae Tribu: Spartina alterniflora (espartillo de cangrejal o borraza) es una gramínea perenne caducifolia que se halla en áreas inundadas intermareales, especialmente estuarios saladares. Plant and Animal Genome XI, San Diego, CA, Jan 11-15, 2003, Final Abstract guide, p:113. Trachynotia alterniflora (Loisel.) Progress 09/01/01 to 03/31/04OutputsThe overall goal of this project is to apply plant breeding and genetics principles to develop improved smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) lines for utilization in coastal restoration projects. Data Source and References for Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) from the USDA PLANTS database Name Search name search type enter a search name Fourteen RAPD primers and 26 AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 201 and 2430 DNA fragments respectively. Intl. Hybridization between the selected S. alterniflora plants were continued in both greenhouse and field to advance the recurrent selection program. Preliminary results show considerable natural variation among the original collections across south Louisiana for traits contributing to plant establishment from seed. Ecology. The mean percent germination was 43 % with a range of 3 to 89%. Ryan, A.B., Venuto, B., Harrison, S., Subudhi, P., and Materne, M. 2002. Grande Terre, Louisiana, showed that seed set varied greatly both within and among accessions. A total of 40 plants selected from nine accessions were subjected to both field evaluation and DNA fingerprinting using RAPD and AFLP markers. (Poaceae, saltmeadow cordgrass), Spartina alterniflora Loisel. The purpose of the project is to support long-term Spartina control planning. Root aerenchyma development in Spartina5 [14512] 4. %%EOF Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene (saltgrass, For a current distribution map, please consult the Plant Profile page for this species on the PLANTS Website. In addition, development of smooth cordgrass lines with improved seed producing ability and other desirable characteristics also will accelerate the on-going restoration projects by providing options for a range of improved plant materials, thus directly impacting the economy and environment of the state of Louisiana.Publications, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, 203 - Plant Biological Efficiency and Abiotic Stresses Affecting Plants, 212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants, 201 - Plant Genome, Genetics, and Genetic Mechanisms. Compared to the original 126 native accessions, these results demonstrated a significant improvement. Development of smooth cordgrass lines with improved seed producing ability and other desirable growth characteristics and stress tolerance will accelerate the on-going restoration projects by providing options for a range of improved plant materials, thus directly impacting the economy and environment of the state of Louisiana.Publications, Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03OutputsThe overall goal of this project is to develop improved smooth cordgrass lines for utilization in coastal restoration projects. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of Weeds of the U.S. Phytopathology 93:S74 (Abstr.). [6] The hybrid can physically modify the environment to the detriment of native species, [ 7 ] and the hybrid populations have spread into creeks , bays , and more remote coastal locations. Trachynotia alterniflora Steud. A number of crosses were made each year in the recurrent selection program. alterniflora using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) and AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) DNA markers have been standardized. Research Project: Use of Classical and Molecular Technologies for Developing Aflatoxin Resistance in Crops Location: Food and Feed Safety Research Title: An actin-depolymerizing factor from the halophyte smooth cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora (SaADF2), is superior to its rice homolog (OsADF2) in conferring drought and salt tolerance when constitutively overexpressed in rice continuous and long term program with the goal of developing seed propagated synthetic smooth cordgrass varieties which maintain a broader genetic pool.ImpactsCoastal wetland loss continues to be a major environmental problem in the state of Louisiana. The mean percent germination was 43 % with a range of 3 to 89%. 96 0 obj <> endobj and Harrison, S.A. 2004. 2003). The hybrids were evaluated in the marsh, and the best performing ones were identified for next round of crossing and selection. The properties of waves passing through rigid and flexible model vegetation as well as live Spartina alterniflora and Juncus romerianus were measured. 154 0 obj <>stream - smooth cordgrass SPAL Provided by USDA NRCS Golden Meadows PMC (LAPMC). common cordgrass Spartina anglica C.E. 117 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5AA68FA4C9FF314BB0D91E1A72901282>]/Index[96 59]/Info 95 0 R/Length 108/Prev 148061/Root 97 0 R/Size 155/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Fourteen RAPD primers and 26 AFLP primer combinations generated a total of 201 and 2430 DNA fragments respectively. Assessment of genetic diversity in Louisiana native smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) accessions using molecular markers. In case of RAPD, 176 fragments were polymorphic where as 708 fragments were polymorphic in AFLP analysis. Analysis of another set of 38 S. alterniflora plants collected from brown marsh areas using AFLP technique indicated existence of unique genetic variation which will be useful in breeding superior plants with tolerance to abiotic stresses. However, the effect of different height forms of Spartina alterniflora on plant–microbe interaction has not been clarified. Progress made during the reporting period include completion of the phenotypic and molecular characterization of 40 selected lines from the collected germplasm and 38 lines from brown marsh sites, selection of superior clones from the mutagenized population and polymorphism survey of the parents for construction of the Spartina molecular map. Positive correlations were found among all vegetative traits representing plant growth. J. vegetative clones in terms of its performance, thirty clones and seedlings of Vermilion have been planted in a replicated trial in two locations. Spartina alterniflora Loisel. S. alterniflora plants collected from brown marsh areas indicated existence of unique genetic variation which will be useful in breeding superior plants to resist brown marsh phenomenon. Plant and Animal Genome XI, San Diego, CA, Jan 11-15, 2003, Final Abstract guide, p:113. 2011). Goals / Objectives Characterize Spartina alterniflora accessions at the phenotypic and molecular level. The overall objective of this project is to develop improved smooth cordgrass lines to prevent the coastal erosion as well as reclaim the eroded marsh areas. We isolated a v-ATPase gene (SaVHAc1) from Spartina alterniflora or smooth cordgrass, a plant native to Louisiana coastal salt marshes and expressed it in transgenic tobacco and rice. Spartina alterniflorais a rhizomatous grass native to the Atlantic and Gulf coast marshes of North America (Xiao et al. Above- and belowground biomass and nutrient pools of Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) in a South American salt marsh Author: Negrin, Vanesa L., de Villalobos, Ana E., Trilla, Gabriela González, Botté, Sandra E., Marcovecchio, Jorge E. The transgenic plants showed salt tolerance, and other physiological adaptations such as reduced stomatal density and closure of stomata to overcome stress. Invasive Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora), a native riparian species in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico, has led to serious degradation to the ecosystem and biodiversity as well as economic losses since it was introduced to China in 1979. Compared Mutation experiment has been initiated and 800 M1 plants from two different mutagens; Ethyl Methane Sulphonate and Sodium Azide have been evaluated in a marsh location, and in the first cycle, 50 lines have been selected based on their growth, vigor and seed set characteristics for selfing, crossing and further evaluation.ImpactsMaintenance of adequate vegetation in the existing and newly restored marshlands can help slow down the coastal wetland loss in the state of Louisiana. In the southernmost part of coast of China, two height forms of Spartina alterniflora, tall and short, have invaded Leizhou Peninsula within the last decade. The differences in clustering pattern indicated the potential of molecular markers in accurate assessment of genetic diversity. The Jaccard similarity coefficient computed from RAPD and AFLP data ranged from 22% to 89%, indicating a high level of genetic diversity. BASIONYM: Spartina glabra Muhlenberg ex … An automated system was developed and used to generate regular and random AFLP analysis of another set of 38 Using Random Amplified Fragment DNA Polymorphism (RAPD) and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers, 40 genotypes from seven accessions were fingerprinted. to the original 126 native accessions, the selected plants demonstrated a significant improvement in many of the seed and germination related traits. Ecology. Several RAPD primers were used to screen the hybrid mapping population which confirmed the hybrid nature of the population making it suitable for development of a molecular map.ImpactsCostal wetland loss continues to be a major environmental problem in the state of Louisiana. Spartina alterniflora has also been found to hybridize with S. foliosa, producing offspring that may be an even greater threat than S. alterniflora by itself. Although application of agronomic and molecular techniques for improving crop species is well documented, these have not been routinely applied to species of ecological and environmental value. Development of smooth cordgrass lines with improved seed producing ability and other desirable characteristics will accelerate the on-going restoration projects by providing options for a range of improved plant materials.Publications, Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02OutputsCoastal erosion and wetland deterioration are serious and widespread in the state of Louisiana. Characterization of Louisiana native Spartina alterniflora populations. Spartina has infested Willapa Bay, Washington, and other natural settings and done great damage to the natural marine environment. (smooth cordgrass) (Denno 1977, 1978), with Spartina alterniflora “…an inferior host plant for development” (Denno 1977: 366). Late flowering accessions were associated with increased spread and tiller density, but not with the other traits. Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02 Outputs Activities included collecting 50 Spartina alterniflora accessions from highly impacted dying marsh sites in Louisiana. h�b```a``�"e�@����(����3 � (����� �+�� -�"`�?Y�2�a^���\�����Μq/E���J:Q�I����lL��4#��fN&{)�(S@� ~�n Zonation of Spartina patens and Spartina alterniflora in a New England salt marsh. Native plant Phragmites australis was also found to die back in the Dongtan wetland of the Chinese Yangtze River estuary invaded by non‐native Spartina alterniflora. Ryan, A.B., Subudhi, P.K., Venuto, B.C., Harrison, S.A., and Shadow, R.A. 2003. released by the USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), Golden Meadow Plant Materials Center in 1989. The average seed set across selected genotypes at Grand Terre Island was 51%, ranging from 7 to 83 %. Family: Poaceae Introduction Over the last 25 Analysis of the selected plants revealed that plants selected from accessions with superior seed germination rates also showed significant differences for all other traits. Proceedings, Southern Branch Amer. The average seed set was 49% with a range of 0 to 94%. Ribbed mussels and Spartina alterniflora production in a New England salt marsh. スパルティナ・アルテルニフロラ（Spartina alterniflora）は、イネ科の植物で、北米東部原産。 外見はヨシに似ており、高さ2mまで成長する場合もある [2]。 干潟や川の河口など汽水域で繁茂し、見た目は日本在来植物では水辺に生えるヨシすなわちアシ（葦・芦）に類似する。 endstream endobj 97 0 obj <>/Metadata 7 0 R/Pages 94 0 R/StructTreeRoot 14 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences 118 0 R>> endobj 98 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 94 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 99 0 obj <>stream Spartina alterniflora Loisel. p:12. Fusarium palustre was associated with the dieback of Spartina alterniflora in its native North American saltmarshes. Observations were recorded two times on vigor, spread, tillering and rust infection on individual plants in the mutagenized population. To determine if Vermilion (a released clone commonly used in restoration projects) seedlings are comparable to Atlantic cordgrass. Spartina alterniflora Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, var. Large amount of variability was noted for these traits and 45 plants with consistent superior rating were selected for further evaluation. S. alterniflorahas been introduced to new regions both intentionally and unintentionally. Hubbard denseflower cordgrass Spartina densiflora Brongn. Spartina alterniflora. The clones are also currently fingerprinted to determine and compare the amount of genetic variation between the clones and seedlings. ex Elliott Spartina laevigata Bosc ex Link Spartina merrillii A. Chev. An ADF isolated from a monocot halophyte, Spartina alterniflora (SaADF2), imparted significantly higher level of drought and s … Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) maintain the cellular actin network dynamics by regulating severing and disassembly of actin filaments in response to environmental cues. Spartina alterniflora is an invasive grass that has spread to more than 10,000 acres in Washington state and more than 1,000 acres in San Francisco Bay and tidelands.