The study used the East African Community (EAC) as the case study of RIA in Africa. Free trade area. In addition, the paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration as it relates to (NAFTA, EU, APEC, ASEAN, CAFTA). Regional integration has been considered an important and successful tool of economic growth and development. First of all, economic integration has its costs, and involves painful adjustments. Especially strong integration -- like the European Union -- can lead to the loss of unique minority cultures within a region. It serves as a way to unite the countries and result in them having successful and ever increasing economies that are self-dependant and exist in harmony. within that region. Regional economic integration is a type of trade liberalization treaty in the sense that the member states participating in the agreement decide to abolish tariffs and restrictive regulations that may hamper or discourage trade between each other. regional integration in Africa. In order to achieve this feet, the study examined literature on other Regional Integration Arrangements (RIA) of the world and especially on European Un-ion (EU), the Association of Southeast East Asia Nations (ASEAN), the North America Free … For example, industries requiring mostly unskilled labor tends to shift production to low wage countries within a regional cooperation. By Staff Writer Last Updated Mar 25, 2020 8:23:05 PM ET The disadvantages of regional integration include limited fiscal capabilities, cultural centralization, creation of trading blocs, diversion of trade and surrendering some degree of sovereignty. This is the most basic form of economic cooperation. For instance, a member country stops trading with a nonmember country manufacturing goods at a cheaper price and opts for a member country manufacturing the same goods at a higher cost. His work has also appeared in "Talebones" magazine and the "Strange Pleasures" anthology. Copyright 2021 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved. Article Two (Against regional integration)Regional integration for North America also has its disadvantages, which leads me to write this article against such an agreement. There are four main types of regional economic integration. Secondly, regional integration implies the lowering of barriers to trade, thus benefiting the economy and increasing the well-being of the member states’ citizens. 4. Write two articles; One article in favor of regional integration and another article against regional integration. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration and relate the stage of economic development of the economically integrated region to The disadvantages of regional integration include limited fiscal capabilities, cultural centralization, creation of trading blocs, diversion of trade and surrendering some degree of sovereignty. Regional integration is when a group of countries get together and develop a formal agreement regarding how they will conduct trade with each other. Trading blocs are a type of economic integration that is … Some examples of regional integration treaties include the Association of Southeast Asian Nations treaty, the European Union, the North American Free Trade Agreement and the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. He is the author of nine published books on topics such as history, martial arts, poetry and fantasy fiction. Regional economic integration has enabled countries to focus on issues that are relevant to their stage of development as well as encourage trade between neighbors. RESUMEN: Este artículo de investigación está dedicado a la Comunidad Económica de ASEAN y sus problemas de integración regional. Benno J. Ndulu 1. At a time when momentum for economic integration seems to have stalled, close cooperation in high priority areas for the region can help demonstrate benefits of coordinated action and serve as a building block to the ultimate goal of full integration. within that region. What Are Disadvantages of Regional Integration? Regional Integration : Advantages And Disadvantages 3234 Words | 13 Pages. The healthy effects of such a regional economic integration are presumed to be as follows: 1. The Southern Rhodesia Customs Union was established in 1949 and the East African Community in 1967. Regional integration is, in essence, a double-edged sword, or a bitter-sweet solution for economic growth and prosperity, with its advantages and disadvantages; it is a risk that many countries are willing to take. Regional Integration Chris Fischbach University of Phoenix MGT 448 Global Business Strategies January 25, 2012 John O’Brien, MBA “ Describe the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration and relate the stage of economic development of the economically integrated region to potential business opportunities.” Forward and backward efforts are often costly, even when there is an emphasis on creating partnerships instead of outright ownership. World Bank. Regional economic integration agreements are treaties between member states in a particular region of the world such as Sub-Saharan Africa or the Middle East. Scott Thompson has been writing professionally since 1990, beginning with the "Pequawket Valley News." Advantages And Disadvantages Of Regional Trading Blocs 1785 Words | 8 Pages. The aim of this essay is to critically analyse regional integration, demonstrating advantages, disadvantages and the effect it has on member states involved. Write two 350- to 500-word articles, one article in favor of regional integration and another article against regional integration. If participation in a regional economic integration agreement leads to decreased trade and investment with less-expensive markets outside the region while encouraging trade with more-expensive markets inside the region, it can result in higher costs to consumers. Regional integration refers to various economic and political agreements that are formed between sovereign countries. Regional integration’s impact on trade and investment flows, allocation of economic activity, growth, income distribution are often difficult to assess. Tariffs and restrictions on trade with nations outside the agreement are retained. Google Scholar. Furthermore this essay will explain FTAs in further detail with examples. A decade ago, there was much discussion about when Asia might achieve full economic integration, including the establishment of a monetary union. Regional integration in Africa has been an aspiration that a majority of countries have been working towards for the last few years, most notably after their liberation from colonisation. March 3-4, 2016. Regional integration increase a nation economic activities overall, which in turn raises GDP and can provide better living standards for all citizens within the regional block. Deepening of democratic government systems. Write two 350- to 500-word articles, one article in favor of regional integration and another article against regional integration. Africa’s regional integration in historical perspective After independence regional integration became a pillar of Africa’s developmental strategy. 2. Fact Check: Is the COVID-19 Vaccine Safe? As a result economists notice a less efficient use of … 1 Corresponding author: E-mail: bndulu@worldbank.org. What are the pros and cons of regional integration? Since a regional common market obviously provides a much larger market than that offered by the domestic market of a single country, economies of scale, both internal and external, become possible with the widened size of the market. The integration processes are complex, due to the controversies that arise among its members. One of the problems faced by many smaller economies is a lack of foreign investment. Emphasis is placed on opening markets, eliminating trade barriers a… Introduction • Regional trading blocs are formed when countries within the same region opt to protect themselves from imports coming from other world regions. Most regional integrations tend to increase barriers against all nonmember countries, resulting in the creation of trading blocs. Investment diversion is a potential economic disadvantage of a regional economic integration program. 2. Disadvantages of Regional Integration Southeastern Asian countries have made a significant achievement in social and economic development during the past two decades of renovations. Foreign investors from outside the region may see a country that is a member of such an agreement as a less-attractive place to invest due to the higher burden of tariffs and regulations. INTRODUCTION Regional economic integration has a fairly long history in virtually all parts of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic. Disadvantages include regulatory scrutiny, less flexibility, and the potential to destroy value rather than create it. However, they can have disadvantages, too. Regional integration can also make certain goods more expensive due to taxes. Furthermore this essay will explain FTAs in further detail with examples. In Southern Africa in particular, with its comparatively small economies, r egional integration was meant to play a crucial role in pursuing common stratgic … Regional Integration. Foreign investors from outside the region may see a country that is a member of such an agreement as a less-attractive place to invest due to the higher burden of tariffs and regulations. Benefits: Creation of trade and more jobs. The Southern African Customs Union (SACU) is the oldest customs union in the world but has relatively little to show for its longevity. Select a region and choose a trading bloc (NAFTA, EU, ASEAN, etc.) For instance, the European Union only considers a few languages as official means of communication, leaving out languages used by remote communities in Europe, such as Breton, Welsh and Frisian. The disadvantage of vertical integration is that it reduces the amount of diversification that an organization can access. What Are Disadvantages of Regional Integration. As with every aspect there are several disadvantages to regional and economical integration. When trade barriers are created, countries divert trade to member countries regardless of the loss they are likely to incur. There are still many work in progress that behind schedule. Regional integration arrangements are mainly the outcome of necessity felt by nation-states to integrate their economies in order to achieve rapid economic development, decrease conflict, and build mutual trusts between the integrated units. For instance, policy barriers at the border may offset the gains transport infrastructure cooperation. Generate global competition 5. Some of the disadvantages to regional integration include, * Difficulty reaching a consensus on how to address policies which increase as more members join the trade block * “Can be seen as an attempt to achieve additional gains from the free flow of trade and investment between countries beyond those attainable under international agreements such as he WTO” (Hill, 2004) Deals in this area often include proprietary data, specific patents, and research … the regional integration, and what countermeasures can be implemented. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Regional Trading Blocs 1785 Words | 8 Pages. Throughout this paper we will discuss the promoting of regional integration into the Northern South America region. Regional integration is growing as a means for economic growth for many countries. The idea is that the member states will be able to strengthen each other's economies through mutual support. What Does George Soros' Open Society Foundations Network Fund? 5. other Regional Integration Arrangements (RIA) of the world and especially on European Un-ion (EU), the Association of Southeast East Asia Nations (ASEAN), the North America Free Trade Area (NAFTA), among others. Select a region approved by your instructor and choose a trading bloc (NAFTA, EU, ASEAN, etc.) That is, regional integration should not be an end-goal, but a means to an end of deepening Caribbean integration into the global economy. Another advantage of regional integration is that the effect of a large market will increase global competitiveness. The capital requirements for vertical integration are high. These agreements are usually made between nations with smaller economies in order to promote trade within the region. List of the Disadvantages of Vertical Integration 1. A major drawback of regional integration are the dependance it has on other countries for certain goods, this may impact the home country’s economy. If disruptions within the supply chain occur, then the entire operation is put at-risk until the supply chain can be restored. Trading blocs are a type of economic integration that is world trade patterns. Throughout this paper we will discuss the promoting of regional integration into the Northern South America region. As a result, the regional economic integration treaty can lead to a net loss in foreign investment. As a result, the regional economic integration treaty can lead to a net loss in foreign investment. There are … Rhetorically the advantages of regional integration in Africa were recognised even before the creation of the OAU in 1963. Regional integration leads to cultural centralization, which can result in the loss of unique cultures within a region. Among the most outstanding features of the current processes of regional economic integration are: 1. The European Union has a series of languages that it deems to be the official languages of the EU government. Advances and Challenges in Regional Integration Jointly organized by Hitotsubashi University and the IMF Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. What are some of the drawbacks of regional integration? Investment diversion is a potential economic disadvantage of a regional economic integration program. What Are the Steps of Presidential Impeachment? Infrastructure, Regional Integration and Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: Dealing with the disadvantages of Geography and Sovereign Fragmentation Benno J. Ndulu. Regional Integration : Advantages And Disadvantages 3234 Words | 13 Pages. Vertical integration benefits companies by allowing them to control the process, reduce costs, and improve efficiencies. These countries often face severe disadvantages in dealing with the rest of the world because of their low bargaining power and high negotiation costs. When a more powerful entity controls that currency, such as the euro, individual countries give up the power to control their currency, and this weakens their economy. Select a region approved by your instructor and choose a trading bloc (NAFTA, EU, ASEAN, etc.) Trade liberalization and export promotion 3. For example, if a company had previously located its factory in a nation outside the region with low production costs, but then decided to move its factory to a country inside the region with higher production costs due to the tariff and regulatory advantages, this could result in increased profits for the company but more expensive products for the consumer. How Does the 25th Amendment Work — and When Should It Be Enacted? Regional economic integration treaties are usually signed between nations with relatively small economies and a lack of foreign trade and investment. While these treaties are intended to promote increased trade within the region, they can have the unintended effect of reducing trade with nations outside the agreement, since those nations must pay tariffs and deal with other trade barriers while the member states don't. Lack of adequate complementary policies and institutions may lead to inefficient outcomes. This is part 1 of a video giving information on Regional Integration, under the topic Challenges and Opportunities of Regional Integration . Disadvantages of Regional Integration Today’s business world perceives regional integration as a positive outcome for countries within geographical region. When regional integration treaties are formed, member countries are required to give up some powers over key policies, such as fiscal, trade and monetary policies. 4. Regional Integration Chris Fischbach University of Phoenix MGT 448 Global Business Strategies January 25, 2012 John O’Brien, MBA “ Describe the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration and relate the stage of economic development of the economically integrated region to potential business opportunities.” These do not include minority languages spoken by remote communities in Europe: Welsh, Breton, Frisian, … A number of leaders called for the integration of Africa already soon after independence, but it was only in the 1970s and 1980s that concrete steps were taken to re-launch or … This is a video giving information on The Benefits of Regional Integration , under the topic Challenges and Opportunities of Regional Integration. Pan-Africanism, an ideology which emphasises continental unity and strong identification with ongoing anti-colonial struggles, was the … Se ha considerado objetivos de la AEC. Institutional strengthening and free functioning of market rules. Regional integration is growing as a means for economic growth for many countries. Even the ASEAN and AEC regional integration was already established and generated growth and opportunities to the region, competitiveness of the region has been strengthened. Businessmen in the member countries will be motivated to trade and invest within the region because of the lack of tariffs or regulations. 4. Countries switch to tariff free imports of same goods, but the tariffs on goods from the outside remain. The History of the United States' Golden Presidential Dollars, How the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Changed Schools and Education in Lasting Ways. Disadvantages Of Economic Integration Creation Of Trading Blocs: It can also increase trade barriers against non-member countries. Some regional integration treaties, such as the European Union, create a common currency, and this leads to fiscal crises. In addition, describe the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration and relate the stage of economic development of the economically integrated region to potential business opportunities The rest of the world is not discriminated 6. Keywords: ASEAN, AEC, integration, problems. Regional Integration Chris Fischbach University of Phoenix MGT 448 Global Business Strategies January 25, 2012 John O’Brien, MBA “ Describe the advantages and disadvantages of regional integration and relate the stage of economic development of the economically integrated region to potential business opportunities.” Advantages of regional integration Regional integration contributes to corporate and industrial growth and hence to economic growth, better living standards, and higher tax revenues for the member countries. With regional integration, individual countries are not able to control the supply of their currency to meet their economic conditions. There are additional advantages and disadvantages to consider with vertical integration as well. Regional integration has a final non-economic disadvantage. Regional Integration: Concepts, Advantages, Disadvantages and Lessons of Experience1 1. However, vertical integration has its disadvantages, including the significant amounts of capital investment required. Companies must have a lot of capital available to invest in vertical integration processes. Introduction • Regional trading blocs are formed when countries within the same region opt to protect themselves from imports coming from other world regions. Journal of African Economies, Volume 15, Issue suppl_2, December … US Aid; Development Economic Policy Reform Analysis Project; Egypt Strategy for Regional Economic Integration, National Chengchi University; The Impact of the East Asian Economic Integration Regime; Chen Yuan Tung. The road to success was not always smooth, and although regional integration presents many benefits, there are several disadvantages to that approach. within that region. The aim of this essay is to critically analyse regional integration, demonstrating advantages, disadvantages and the effect it has on member states involved. Even the integration was approach to promote free flow of If the trade lost from non-member countries is greater than the trade gained from member countries through the agreement, the result is known as "trade diversion.".